如何避免船舶在国外港口被滞留？
2020年已进入第四季度，这一年，全球疫情的爆发对航运带来了巨大的冲击，船舶的安全管理也面临前所未有的挑战。
为帮助公司及船舶梳理船舶安全监管要点，提高船舶安全管理水平，并降低五星旗船舶在国外港口的滞留率。近期，阳光安检将陆续推出2020年TOKYO MOU各个国家／地区PSC检查情况分析。
本期将着重分析澳大利亚的PSC检查重点和滞留情况～
数据截止至2020-10-13
根据APCIS数据统计（数据截止至2020-10-13），2020年，澳大利亚的检查艘次最多，共2365艘次，其次是日本、印度尼西亚、韩国和俄罗斯。从滞留情况看，澳大利亚的滞留艘次最多，共滞留船舶145艘次，其次是中国；滞留率最高的是中国，高达8.84%，澳大利亚滞留率是6.13%。
下面给大家梳理了澳大利亚的检查重点以及开出的滞留缺陷。
1）船体外观：LL 标志、船壳、舷梯
2）驾驶台：白昼信号灯、DSC测试、ECDIS（纸海图）、出版物、Radar和SART/EPIRB、磁罗经、偏差、货舱进水报警、火警探测报警、VDR、BWNAS、MOB救生圈、舵角和主机转速、电瓶间
3）罗经甲板：航行灯、信号灯、天线、磁罗经
4）救生艇/筏：外观、艇机和舵、复位、释放装置
5）通风筒挡板/烟囱百叶窗：关闭状态和执行装置
6）救助艇：外观、救助艇机起动，释放装置
7）应急发电机：手动起动、自动供电、断机舱联络开关自动供电
8）应急消防泵：艏艉两个皮龙出水压力测试
9）CO2间：状态、释放程序、保险销
10）消防控制站：消防隔离阀、消防器材、消防员装备、速闭阀、CO2释放系统
11）甲板：整体状况、舱口围、密封条限位器、开舱装置、液压系统、小舱口盖、密封条、消防管线、压载舱空气管头
12）机舱：舵机间（应急消防泵、机舱局部水基系统状态）、集控室（配电板、警报记录）、速闭阀、发电机、主机、生活污水处理装置、海水管线、主机油雾浓度报警、跑冒滴漏、油水分离器、艉轴、测深管
13）生活区：防火自闭门、厨房、伙食库、厨房防火闸、餐厅
Detainable deficiencies
（1）FIRE SAETY
●Em’cy fire pump inoperative
●Engine room fire dampers wasted and not effectively closing
●Fire main isolation valve unable to be closed
●Local fire fighting water mist system for the machinery spaces defective
●Steering gear room ventilators defective and unable to close
●Remote quick closing valves for F.O settling tank defective
●Funnel fire damper defective
（2）ISM
●SMS as implemented onboard does not ensure vessel can effectively respond to emergency situations
●ISM detainable deficiency on the basis of many deficiencies
●Enclosed space entry and rescue drill defective
●Only one officer keeping navigation watch at night
（3）MLC(Working and Living Condition)
●Crew had not been paid in accordance with employment agreement
●Breach of minimum rest hour
（4）Life Saving Appliances
●Lifeboat engine defective
●Lifeboat engine exhaust pipe wasted/defective, leaking exhaust gas into lifeboat
●Lifeboat on-load release mechanism defective
●Steering system for water jet propulsion system of rescue boat defective
●Defective drainage bag of rescueboat
（5）Pollution Prevention
●Oily water separator 15ppm auto stop arrangement not operational
●Oil discharged over ship side
●Oily Water Separator defective due to abnormal condition of its 3-way valve
●Sewage Treatment Plant defective due to abnormal condition of its pressure motor
●Sewage Treatment Plant return line malfunctional
（6）ILL
●Ballast tank air vent float ball defective
●Means for securing weather tightness for No.1 hatch cover defective (cleat, rubber packing, washer, cleat pin)
（7）Safety of Navigation
●Latest charts not on board
●Crew unable to demonstrate operation of MF/HF on DC power
（8）Others
●Automatic starting of emergency generator not working
●Overall bad maintenance on board
●Class Society not informed of various structural damage carried out by ship staff including repairs for cracks
●Handrails and stanchions on forecastle missing (approximately 4~5m)
靠泊澳大利亚港口的船舶，请注意以下两点～
（A）关于海员遣返
AMSA不允许海员在不申请的情况下连续在船工作超过14个月。此外，如果海员连续在船上工作超过11个月但少于14个月，需要船长将船旗国批准的海员遣返计划提交给AMSA。若预计海员将在船上服务超过11个月，建议应事先准备批准的遣返计划。
（B）关于货物系固装置
AMSA正针对货物系固装置开展专项检查活动（2020年8月1日至10月31日期间）
建议相关船舶在航前和进入港口前，仔细确认货物系固状况。
本期资料来源（APCIS、CCS以及KR船级社）
下一期，我们会带来其他国家／地区的检查情况，敬请期待～
